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Carmagnola

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
For other uses, see Carmagnola (disambiguation).

Carmagnola
Carmagnòla (Piedmontese)
Comune
Città di Carmagnola
Piazza Sant'Agostino, old town. War memorial and Sant'Agostino church in the background
Piazza Sant'Agostino, old town. War memorial and Sant'Agostino church in the background
Coat of arms of Carmagnola
Coat of arms
Motto(s): 
Dat candida coelo
(Latin for "He gives white light to the heavens")
Location of Carmagnola
Map
Carmagnola is located in Italy
Carmagnola
Carmagnola
Location of Carmagnola in Italy
Carmagnola is located in Piedmont
Carmagnola
Carmagnola
Carmagnola (Piedmont)
Coordinates: 44°51′N 7°43′E / 44.850°N 7.717°E / 44.850; 7.717
CountryItaly
RegionPiedmont
Metropolitan cityTurin (TO)
FrazioniBossola, Cappuccini, Casanova, Cascine Madama, Cavalleri, Cavalleri Piccoli, Chiaberti, Cocchi, Corno, Due Provincie, Fumeri, Gaidi, Molinasso, Morello, Motta, Oselle, Pochettino, Salsasio, San Bernardo, San Giovanni, San Grato, San Michele, Tetti Grandi, Tuninetti, Vallongo
Government
 • MayorIvana Gaveglio
Area
[1]
 • Total
95.71 km2 (36.95 sq mi)
Elevation
240 m (790 ft)
Population
 (1-1-2024)[2]
 • Total
28,126
 • Density290/km2 (760/sq mi)
Demonym(s)Carmagnolese, pl Carmagnolesi
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
10022
Dialing code0039 011
Patron saintImmaculate Conception
Saint day8 December
WebsiteOfficial website

Carmagnola (Italian: [karmaɲˈɲɔːla]; Piedmontese: Carmagnòla [karmaˈɲɔla] ⓘ) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region Piedmont, located 29 kilometres (18 mi) south of Turin.[3] The town is on the right side of the Po river. The nature of the soil determined over time how the river's sand accumulated.

Carmagnola borders the following municipalities: Poirino, Villastellone, Carignano, Lombriasco, Ceresole d'Alba, Racconigi, Sommariva del Bosco, Caramagna Piemonte.

Toponymy

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The toponymy of the city of Carmagnola probably derives from the Latin "(centuria) magniola", in reference to a square, modestly-sized plot of land. However, some scholars argue that the toponym may derive from the Roman noble name Carminius.[4]

History

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See also: Hemp in the Kingdom of Piedmont

The municipality is mentioned for the first time during the 11th century. The land, originally owned by the Arduinic dynasty, passed to the Marquisate of Saluzzo, who had a castle built here. The Saluzzo dynasty soon underwent a rapid decadence ending with a French domination period which lasted 40 years. In 1588 Carmagnola became a possession of the House of Savoy, when Charles Emmanuel I besieged and conquered it. France took possession of Carmagnola a second time during the 17th century, during the civil war between Madamisti and Principisti (supporters of the French and the Savoy dynasty respectively). In this period (1637–1642), the three main subdivisions were razed to the ground as they were conflicting with the defence structures, and immediately re-built around 1.5 km from their original position, where they still are at the present time.

A cavallotto coin from the mint of Carmagnola depicting Ludovico II, Marquess of Saluzzo (1475)
Coat of arms on a palace façade

In 1690 the town was once again occupied by the French general Catinat, but just one year later Victor Amadeus II of Savoy brought it back among Piedmontese possessions. While its defence buildings were being demolished and its strategic role was progressively decreasing in importance, the town could finally develop agriculture and commerce, mainly of hemp and ropes, which were exported in great quantity to Liguria and southern France. The characteristic of both agricultural and commercial site remained important until after World War II, which caused a massive immigration and a rapid urbanistic expansion.

The name of La Carmagnole, the title of a French song and dance made popular during the French Revolution, is considered to be indirectly derived from the Italian town - i.e., the customary costume of the Piedmontese peasants living near and around Carmagnola was named for the town; when some of these peasants came to Paris, their dress influenced the popular short jacket worn by working-class militant sans-culottes, who sang the song.[5]

Main sights

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San Filippo church
Collegiate church of Sts. Peter and Paul
House of the Sundials
  • Abbey of Casanova. It was founded by the Cistercians in the 12th century, although it was mostly rebuilt in a late Baroque style in the 18th century
  • Lomellini Palace, Contemporary Art Museum (15th century)
  • Castle, currently used as town hall (13th century)
  • Collegiate church of Sts. Peter and Paul (1492–1514)
  • Cascina Vigna, Civic Museum of Natural History
  • Sant'Agostino church (1406–1437)
  • San Rocco church (1699–1745)
  • San Filippo church (1715–1739)
  • Church of Saint Mary of the Snow (Santa Maria della Neve), Salsasio (17th century)
  • Synagogue (18th century)
  • Cavassa House (15th century)
  • House of the Sundials (Casa delle Meridiane) or Piano House (16th century)
  • San Lorenzo Hospital (1754–1856)

Economy

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The economy of the town is currently linked to the industry and intensive production of vegetables and cereals, which the particular soil makes very productive. Industry experienced a notable growth during the 1960s, when FIAT opened an important factory, thus attracting a growing number of immigrants from southern Italy. The rapid growth of FIAT made also possible other activities in the metallurgy, electronics, optics, chemical industry, and food industry fields. Also well-developed are the banking, financial and insurance sectors.

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Events

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Carmagnola's Castle, townhall
Cascina Vigna Park
Church of Saint Mary of the Snow, frazione Salsasio
  • Peppers Fair (Sagra del Peperone). It is held between the last week of August and the first of September; it is an eno-gastronomic fair dedicated to the most typical product of Carmagnola's agriculture. It attracts over 250,000 visitors each year.

On 5 September 2010 during the 61st Pepper Fair the town of Carmagnola has been entered into the Guinness Book of Records for the biggest pepper soup (peperonata) with a weight of 1,190 kg (2,623.5 pounds).

  • Spring Fair (Fiera di primavera). Held annually in March, dedicated to agricultural commerce, it features many collateral events.
  • Mercantico. It takes place on the second Sunday of each month (except August). It is a small, antiques items' market, hosting over 400 stalls along the old town.
  • Ortoflora e Natura. Held in the first weekend of April in the municipal park Cascina Vigna, the event is dedicated to gardening and horticulture.
  • Grandparents' National Day (Festa Nazionale dei Nonni). It takes place in the middle of September, inside the park Cascina Vigna. It had its first edition in September 2003.
  • Other events include "Carmagnola Jazz Festival", "Carmagnola Town of Art and Culture", "National Ornithological Contest", "Regional Beef Cattle Fair".

Twin towns

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References

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  1. ^ "Superficie di Comuni Province e Regioni italiane al 9 ottobre 2011". Italian National Institute of Statistics. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
  2. ^ All demographics and other statistics: Italian statistical institute Istat.
  3. ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Carmagnola" . Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
  4. ^ "Carmagnola". Archived from the original on 22 February 2017. Retrieved 20 February 2017.
  5. ^ Jennifer Harris, "The Red Cap of Liberty: A Study of Dress Worn by French Revolutionary Partisans 1789-94" Eighteenth-Century Studies 14.3 (Spring 1981:283-312) p. 286
  6. ^ http://www.aquinoticias.com.ar/index.php?id=7600 Archived 12 October 2013 at the Wayback Machine Río Tercero (Spanish)
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